Multispindle lathe.



J. HARTNESS.' MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLICATION P ILED JULY 26, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 1v wazne ew H J. HARTNESS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

. HARTNBSS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE. APPLIOATIOIY FILED JULY 25, 1914i Patentd Mar. 2, 1915.

'13 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

J. HARTNBSS. MULTISPINDLE LATHE. APPLICATION IILED'JULY 2a, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETSSHEBT 5.

4 ///V %4 o 2 o; wi l -0 W 4/ 8 I H "an"; 8 OD 000 0-: 0 w no 000 o: o 4 00000 0 n f 05 0 000 O; I )3 J 77 J! Z UM? J. HARTNESS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETS-SHEET 7.

J. HARTNESS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

IIIII J L J. HARTNESS. MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLIOAIION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETSSHEET 8.

if. HARTNE$S.' MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915 13 SHEETSSHEET 9.

I I f? J.' HARTNESS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETS-$HEET 10.

fle 9 Zoo jag M.

3 5 M6 441 44 flu J. HARTNESS. MULTISPINDLE LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

. Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETSSHEET 11.

J. HARTNESS.

MULTISPINDLE LATHE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, 1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETSSHEET 12.

J. HARTNESS. MULTISPINDLE LATHE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 25, .1914.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

13 SHEETSSHBET 13.

Will/[M 7% IIIIHIIIIH! 1 /8 Iii/11in 15 that, without assuming an unnatural posture UNITED sTAT s PATENT orrica.

JAMES HARTNESS, OF SPRINGFIELD, VERMONT.

mULrIsrINnLE LATHE.=

T Specification o f 1.etters Patent.

To all whom. it may concern.

Be it known that I, JAMES HARTNEss, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Springfield, in the county of Windsor and operations are to be performed by the tools,

yet so far as many features of the invention are concerned, it may be embodied in machines of the bar or screw class. Such chucking lathes, as their name implies, are provided with a work holder which usually takes the form of a chuck, by which the de- 25 tached piece of work may be held so as to expose to the tools that portion which is to be operated upon.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a lathe of such narrow compact form that it will occupy laterally a mimmum amount of space in a shop, and so to arrange the mechanism that the work-holding instrumentalities may be easily observed from the end of the narrow structure, in consequence of which, if desired, a number of such instrumentalities may be grouped closely together for observation and control by a single operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide 'a construction and arrangement of the work-holding and tool-operating mechanisms in an inclined or tilted position, so

or craning his neck, the operator may comfortably observe tools performing external and internal operations. 4

A further object of the invention is to provide a machine which shall consist of a series of separable units, eachvunit comprising a work holder, associated tool holders, and the necessary mechanism for causing the proper sequence of operation of the tools upon .the work, with'provisions for the attachment together of a variable number of such units as may be found mostdesirable to be controlled by a single operator.

Application filed July 25, 1914. I Serial No. 853,114.

Patented Mar. 2, 1915.

I The invention has further for its object to provide certain improvements in semi-- automatic lathes for simplifying thecon- I struction of the mechanismswhich control location of the work spindle and the operations of the tools.

V In attaining the objects thus referred to,

the machine, which is illustrated upon the drawings as one embodiment of the invention, consists of a series of units arranged side by side These units, comprising frames, work holders and tool holders, and mechanism-for operating them, are formed to provide a very compact and narrow arrangement in which the work holder and tool carriers are placed so as to be seen from the end of the frame. This facilitates banking a number of these units together with the work holders in close proximity. Ordinarily a lathe is relatively long and narrow, say from six to ten feet long, and the operator stands at the long side of the machine, so that the pieces of work held in a plurality of machines in a row are separated by a distance of six to ten feet, making it impossible for an operator to watch carefully the operation of all the tools on the work. v

The present machine contemplates a series of units so narrow that, when grouped together, the pieces of workunder observation are spaced apart about a distance of two feet, and hence an operator can observe and control the operation of three or four units without materially changing his position. In each unit, according to the particular embodiment of the invention here shown, the axis of the work spindle is'at an inclination both to the vertical and to the horizontal, andextends at an inclination forwardly and downwardly so that, to an operator standing in front of the machine, the work 1s positioned most favorably for observatlon. Each unit may be complete-in itself and be provided with its own driving pulley, but for convenience, I may employ a common driving shaft, and, in fact may, if desired, utilize common mechanism for operating the instrumentalities of the several and still retain the valuable features 'WhlCh I have hereinbefore referred to -the position.-

' ing of the work, and the close grouping of invention. Fig. 2 shows a front elevation the machine and shows the chip pan 'or reof the same. These two figures show a machine having but two units. a rear elevation of themachine in which three units are employed. Fig. 4 represents a View looking down on the top of the bedplate. Fig. 5 represents a side elevation-of ceptacle in section. Fig. 6 represents a section on line"6'6 of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 represents a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 5. Fig. 8 represents a front-to-rear section on the line 8' 8 of Fig. 4. Fig. 9 represents what may be termed an inverted plan, 'in

- which the parts are shown as they appear when looking upward from below themachine, the framework being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 10 represents an inclined vertical section through the work spindle and' shows the adjacent parts. Fig. 11 isaview looking from the rear and shows the camdrum mechanism and a tool holder of one of the units. 5 Figs. 12 and 13 (Sheet 3') illustrate respectively the cam-operated controlling levers which vary the spindle speed and the drum speed. Figs. 14: to 17 inclusive (Sheet 5) illustrate in detail one of the cam drums. Fig. 18 (Sheet 8 illustrates the connection between one of the oil conduits and one of the tool slides or carrying bars;'

Fig. 19 (Sheet 10) shows in section the main drive shaft, and the parts thereon. Fig. 20

(Sheet 11) illustrates a portion of the cam and mechanism for oscillating one of the tool carriers. Fig.21 (Sheet -12)- shows,- partly in plan view and partly in section, a

cam-operated mechanism for oscillating one of the tool carriers, and shows in addition the relation of certain of the tools upon said carrier to work undergoing operation. -Fig. 22 shows in side and plan view one of the camson the cam drum. Fig.23 illustrates one of the wear blocks on the tool carrier. Fig. 24 shows aportionof the end ofthe cam drum, and some of the cams for operating one of the tool carriers. Figs. 25 and 7 26 illustrate respectively a plan view and a side elevation of a chuck with a piece of upon by the tool. Fig. 27 illustrates detached, and in detail, the cam-controlledv V knock-01f mechanism. Fig. '28 is a detail work grasped therein so as to be operated view illustrating apart of the cam-controlled knock-'0 illustrates in detail a portion of the knock- .oif mechanism. Fig. 30 shows in section one of the controller handles, and a portion of the knock-off mechanism. Fig. 31 represents a cross section of the main drive shaft and shows the clutch-operating yoke.

Fig..32 illustrates a portion of the cam drum with the cam thereon for operating-,the knock-off mechanism. Fig. 33 illustrates a section on the, line 3333, and Fig. 34 illus- ,65 trates a section on the line 3H4 of Fig. 8,

Fig. 3 shows mechanism, and the con-- trolling lever for the main clutch. Fig. 29-

of the two" tool slides and their bearings or bosses.

Before proceeding to describe the machine which is illustrated upon the draw-.

ings, I desire it to be understood that the drawings are necessarily conventional-and that no attempt has been made to show the parts in their exact size or form or to show the exact cam paths which may be necessary for operations upon any-particular piece of work. I also desire to have it understood, as previously stated, that the invention and the various portions thereof may be emto operate in the desired sequence upon the work. Each unit is narrow, as has been explained, and the tool holders and the work support are'located at the front end thereof,

so that when the units are banked together the work spindles are arranged side by side in close proximity where a'plurality of them may be under the observation and control of a single operator. In addition tothus constructing a plurality ofindependent units, each unit is arranged with the workspindle tilted downward and forwardly so that the chuck or work-receiving portion of the spindle is arranged about waist high,

or at some distance below the eyes of the operator, whereby without assuming any unnatural position the operator may comfortably watch the operatio'n of the tools and inspect the results of their work,

whether they be acting upon the interior or exterior of the work. Because of their stability of control and rigidity of construction I have utilized oscillatory-and axially reciprocatory tool holders of the general form of those illustrated in my copending application, Serial No. 819,439,.filed February 18, 1914-. Two of these tool holders are employed in each unit to present the tools to the work upon the work support. Instead, however, of utilizing separate cam drums for controlling the tool holdersas described Y in saidapplication, eath unit may be "provided witha single cam drum and with associated mechanism for causing .the tool holders to present their tools simultaneously or sequentially, as required for the particular piece of work which is undergoing operation.

The several units may be driven independently of each other by separate driving shafts, as stated; but forconvenience I provide said units with a common driving'shaft' which is formed in sections so that the ends thereof may be connected together when the units are banked orattached one to the other. In such event, one of the sections of the shaft is provided with a pulley by which power is transmitted thereto. Each unit is provided with change-speed mechanism for causing the work spindle and the cam drum to be driven at different speeds.

By reason of the inclination of the several units the top ofthe framework of each is conveniently arranged at such an inclination that the chips or cuttings may slide forward therefrom, and consequently I provide each unit with what may be termed a chip pan, which is located in front of the frame to receive the chips and which may be detached or thrown forward, so as to discharge the. chips or cuttings into a truck or other'convenient means for their removal.-

Inasmuch as the units which compose the machine are all alike, I shall describe only one of them in detail. Each unit may include a base, which consists of a shallow pan 50 from which rises a hollow box-like structure or cabinet 51, the top of which is approximately at an angle of thirty degrees to the horizontal, and which slopes forwardly and downwardly as best shown by Fig. 5. The bases for the end units may have their pans laterally extended, and the inner'side wallsofthe end pans and the side walls of the intermediate pans may be omitted, so that said pans may form a common receptacle for the oil or cooling medium which is used in the machine. Upon each base is bolted or otherwise secured a box-' like main frame casting, one of which is indicated at 52. At the top of this frame is formed what may be called the bedplate 53, which is, as stated, inclined at an angle of thirty degrees upwardly and rearwardly so as to form a relatively flat surface down over which the chips and cuttings mayv flow,- as shown in Figs. 1 and 5. The bases and frames of the units maybe secured together by bolts or other convenient fastenings so that the machine as a whole will comprise any desired number of the units rigidly fastened together. If desired, the units need not be connected together but may be separated and each constitute a single machine. The units at the ends of the machine'may have along their outer sides U-shaped chip chutes 54 for directin cuttings, which escape laterally, forwardly and downwardly into the chip pan. The chip pans themselves are indicated at 55, there being one located in front of each of the units. Each chip pan consists of a receptacle which is substantially U-shaped in cross section and which is provided on its front wall with lugs 56 resting on .the front wall of the base pan. The

' weight of each receptacle or chip pan is such as to hold it in the position shown in plained more in detail.

so that its upper end will extend under the 1 lower front end of the bedplate and so that it will escape or clear a portion of the operating mechanism. Each receptacle serves also as-a cover to conceal a portion of the operating mechanism located below the bed plate and contained within the framework. By tilting the upper end of the chip pan or receptacle, which normally rests against the frame, downwardly and forwardly the contents thereof may be easily removed.

The work h0Zder.Each unit is provided with a chuck or other form of work holder, indicated at 5?. Any, convenient form of chuck may be used,-for instance as shown in Figs. 25 and 26. The chuck is secured in any convenient way to the upper flanged end or head of the work spindle 58, which is journaled in'a bushing 358 located in a block 59 seated in the bedplate. (See Fig.

10). The under face of the spindle head is circularly grooved to receive an-annulus on the block 59 to prevent access of chips or cuttings to the bearing. Thrust washers, as

at 359, may be employed if desired. The

location and is under firm and stable control. The hollow work spindle 59 is rotated at any one of several speeds, as will be ex- The chuck is substantially waist high and its face is inclined forwardly and downwardly about thirty degrees to the horizontal, and consequently the work is positioned where it can be seen under the most favorable conditions.

The tool hoZders.-In close proximity to the work spindle are two tool carriersv 61 and 62, one located in front and the other in the rear of the-work spindle. These tool carriers are adapted to oscillate about axis parallel to the axis of the spindle, all of which said axes are in the same plane and perpendicular to the bedplate of the unit, so that from the location of the eyes of the operator they extend downwardly and rearwardly, with the resultthat the work which is located in the chucks may be observed by the operator and without his assuming a strained or unnatural positionwhile ascertaining the results of the operations, either internal or external, upon the work. Thus the--work is presented at the front end of the machine, in easy reach of the operator.

- Each of the two tool hdlders 61, 62 is mounted not only to oscillate as stated to present thetool to the work and to secure a cross feed of the tools, if desired, but it is also mounted to reciprocate axially for length feeds. The tool holder 61 is secured tothe upper extremity of a tool slide consisting of a bar 63, the tool holder 62 being 4' Secured to the extremity of a substantially control of the tools and to prevent the tool holders from springing under, the stress of the cut. The axially reciprocatory and the oscillatory movements of the tool holders are secured by cam-controlled mechanism, as

will be subsequently explained. I

Preferably each of the tool holders is provided with o a plurality of tool-receiving faces. One face of each tool holder tranholders and the work spindle, as indicated at 69, while the other faces, 70, 71, are at an oblique angle to the face 69 and are ,arranged onboth sides of said plane, as shown by Figs. 1, 4 and 21. In ple, there is shown as secured to the face 69, y a tool for'internally turning the hub of a gear blank, said tool comprising a body portion 73 and a double cutter 74 (see Fig. 21) the spindle of which is secured in an eecentric bushing 75 which provides for its lateral adjustment. Upon the faces 70, 71, are respectively secured tools 76, 77, having cutters 78, 79, for turning peripheral pormay-be utilized for making a roughing cut,

and the other for making a finishingicut.

- cured to its slide bar 63, and to-the lower.

end of said bar is rigidly butadjustably secured a lever 84 the hub of which ,is indicated at 85. (See Figs. 8 and 9). This lever has pivoted on it a block 86 with which 11:65 are trunnioned two connecting rods'87, 87,

sects the plane vof the axes of the two'tool Fig; 4, for exam-' tions of the said blank. One of said cutters.

the other ends of which are pivoted to a block 88 on a lever 89 pivoted upon the stud 90 on the under side of the main frame.- The lever 89 is operated by the cam drum indicated as a whole at 91, which I shall subsequently describe in detail. The lower end or head of the drum has a revolubly adjustable cam 92 and supplemental revolubly adjustable cams 93, 94 for coiiper- I ation with a roll on the lever 89 to cause the '75 oscillation of said lever, and thereby, through the links 87 the oscillation-of the lever 84 and the tool slide 63. The tool slide 62 is controlled by the same cam drum 91'. As illustrated by Figs. 4, 8 and 21, it will be seen that on'the tool holder 62 is formed or secured a rearwardly extending yoke 621 the two arms of which are indicated at 95-, 96. These arms of the yoke are located on opposite sides of a rockshaft 97 .which carries a cam member indicated at 98. -Said cam member is adapted to engage the two I arms 95 and 96 of the tool carrier and oscillates the latter in one direction or the other. .To this end the cam member has the two oppositely arranged Lcams 99 "and 100' and the two cams 101 and,102. The cams of each pair are'ad apted to act simultaneously upon thearms 96,. 95'so as not only to oscillate the tool holder but also to hold it securelyin either extreme position to which it has been 1 moved, or in an intermediate-or neutralposition with the tools out of engagement with the work,- as will be readily understood.

The two arms of the tool; carrier are pro 1 00 vided with wearing blocks 103 and 104, of which one is shown in Fig. 23. Theseblocks are made of hardened steel and are located .in sockets provided for: them in .the'arms,

being held in place by the clamps 105 and 106 screws 106. The wearing blocks have ribs q or projections 107 and 108 'for cotiperation' with the cams 99, 100; 101 and 102. The rockshaft 97 extends downwardly through a bearing 397 afio'rded by the bedplate and 110 has n itslower end an arm 109 located in proximity to the upper end of the drum 91 so that it may be oscillated in one direction or the other by cams located upon the upper I end of the drum. Thearm 109 has a roller 110 (see Figs. 11, 20 and 24) adapted to be engaged by cams'lll', 112, 113,114, adjust ably secured to the upper end of the drum 91. .By employing cams of varying curvatures and of varying characteristics, the

' two tool carriers maybe oscillated slowlyIor rapidly, as the case may be, to comply with the particular requirements of the job, this variation in speed o'f-oscillation being se- 7 cured likewise by the variation in speed of 12E the cam drum. The 'wearingblocks104 are elongated from top to bottom, as are the arms of, the yoke forming a per 611 of the tool holder, so that the, tool holder itself L v may be reciprocated relativelyto'the cam-1'30 member 98 without being disengaged therefrom. To protect the sliding surface from chips and cuttings, the rear tool carrier may be equipped with a hood 298, as shown in Fig. 1.

Mechanism is provided, as previously indicated, for axially reciprocating the two toolcarriers. Referring now to the tool carrier 61, the mechanism for reciprocating it and the tool slide 63 comprises the following mechanism: The hub 85 of the lever 84 which is located at the bottom'or lower end of the slide bar 63, is provided with a second arm 115, as shown in the inverted plan- Fig. 9. Extending underneath the laterally extended segmental arm 115 is one end of a lever 116 which carries a roll 117 to engage tlie said arm. This lever 116 is fulcrumed near its middle upon a stud 118 (see Figs. 5, 7 and 9 and on its other end ithas a roll 119 adapted to be operated by cam 120 placed upon the periphery of the cam drum 91, and adjustably-secured thereon. During the course of the rotation of the cam drum the lever 116 is rocked so as to feed the tool carrier up and down according to requirement, thus carrying the tools on the carrier longitudinally of the axis of the work for turning the work externally or internally, as the case may be.

The mechanism for axially reciprocating I the tool carrier 62 is very simple, consisting merely of a hub 121 secured to the slide bar 64 (see Figs.'5 and 6) and equipped with a roll 122 adapted to be operated by cam- 123 placed upon the periphery of the cam drum To hold the hub 121 against rotation about the axis of the slide bar, it has an arm 124 (see Figs. 6 and 28) the end of which is forked to embrace a stationary stud 125 depending from thebedplate. Thus it will be seen that the single cam drum is provided on its ends with adjustable cams which, through the mechanisms described, effect the oscillation ofthe tool carriers to present for operation the desired tools thereon, and to cross-feed the said tools if desired, and-is also provided with cams upon its periphery which through the niecha- 'nisms described effect the longitudinal reciprocation of the tool carrier for length-- feeding the tools. --These various cams are so placed that when the mechanism as a unit comes to a state of rest the tool carriers are in elevated position, with the tools out of engagement with the work. One of these cam drums is shown in detail in Figs. 14 to 17 inclusive. These figures show the cam drum as being a cylindrical structure with heads or ends having hubs so that it may be secured upon its supporting shaftt The periphery and the heads of thecam drum are grooved and are provided with numerous .rows of perforations so that the-cams may be adjustably secured thereto in the desired location. The cam-supporting shaft is indicated as a whole at 130, and it is secured at its ends in the main frame of the unit, as shown in Fig. 5.

Main power shaft and, clutch mechanism.I will now explain how the work spindle of each unit is driven at either of several speeds and then explain the mechanism for causing the rotation of the drum at any one of several speeds. Each unit is provided with what may be termed a main or prime power shaft, the said shafts of the several units being arranged end to end and secured together so as to form, as it were, the sections of a single shaft. Each section of the shaft is indicated as a whole at 131, and-at one of the end units this shaft is provided with a pulley 132 by which'it may be rotated from any suitable motor or other source of power,.see Figs. 7 and 9. Each shaft section is journaled in suitable bearings 133, 134, and has atone or both ends toothed couplings 135, 135 keyed thereon and adapted for engagement with the corresponding couplings of the next succeeding section, as shown, for'example, in Fig. 10. When the sections of the shaft are coupled together they are driven constantly in unison. On each section there is a suitable main clutch controlled by a lever orhandle in front of the unit. I may convenientlyemploy a disk clutch, indicated asa whole at 136 (see Fig. 19) and comprising an inner sliding sleeve 137 keyed to the shaft and an outer chambered sleeve 138. Between the two members 137, 138 are the usual disks 139. The sleeve 137 is connectedby a pin 140 with an internal sliding rod 141 so that it may be moved to compress the disks 1 power is transmitted to the-drum, whereas from the bevel gear 146 power is transmitted to the work spindle.

, The .main clutch 136 is controlled by a controlling lever 147 which is located at the front of the unit and which normally pro-- jects upwardly so as to be within the easy reach of the operator. As shown in Figs. 27 to 31 inclusive,-taken in connection with Fig. 10, the controlling lever is connected .with the clutch sleeve 144 by the following mechanism; Locatedv in parallelism with the mainshaft 131 'there is a slide bar 148 to which is secured ayoke 149 provided with rollers engaging the peripheral groove of the clutch sleeve 144. A spring 150 tends to move the bar 148 in position to move the clutch lever to disengage the-clutch from the shaft. The slide bar 148- is moved against the tension of the spring by a bellcrank 151 (see Fig. 28) one arm of which is forked to embrace the bar 148 so as to engage a crosspin 152 passing therethrough. The other armof the bell-crank is connected by a link 153 with an arm or lever 154 located beneath the bedplate, as shown in Fig. 10. The said arm is secured upon a roc'kshaft 155 which extends forwardly ,as shown in Fig. 8 and has secured thereon, on

its, end which projects through the front wall of the frame, the controlling lever 147. By moving the upstanding handle 147 in one direction or the other, the main clutch may be operated to connect or disconnect the gears 145, 146 with the main shaft 131, as

will be readily appreciated.

K'n00k'-0# mechanism-At this point it may be as well to explain the knock-off mechanism, inasmuch as it "coacts directly With the manually operated clutch-controlling devices just described. This knock-off at its upper end.

mechanism comprises a rockshaft 156 which is parallel to and immediately above the rockshaft 155 beneath the bed plate, as has just been explained. Thislrockshaft carries at its inner end a curved-arm 157 (see Figs. 27' and 29) on the endof which there is a pin 158 adapted to be engaged by a wedge-shaped cam 159 located uponthe periphery of the cam drum (See Figs. 29, 32 and 15). At the proper point in the rotation of the cam drum the cam 159 engages the pin 158 androcks the arm 157 upward so as to rock the sha'ft'156. The forward projecting end of the'shaft has a knife-edge, as shown at operator at any time, 9 There is located in 160, to be'engaged by a complementally shaped pin 161 carried, by thecontrollmg lever 147, as best'show'n in Fig. 30. When the arm v147 is swung to the left in Fig. 30, 'the pin 161 slides over the knife-edge 160 of the shaft 156, which yields to permit it to pass, and thenengages the knife-edge, as clearly shown in the" last-mentioned figure, so as to hold the controller lever to the left. When-the cam 158 finally rocks the arm 157 upward and the shaft 156 is rocked, the knife-edge releases the pin'161, and the controller lever automatically swings to the right so as to disengage the main clutch fromthe drive shaft and stop the operation of the unit. The pin 161 is so located inits socket that it maybe manually rocked to' disengage it from the knife-edge 160 and permit the controller to .be operated by the the lever 147 a r'od 'l62 which may be forced downwardly by the operator for the purpose of rocking the pin 161 about as pe- (See Figs. 8 and 27 drum.

macaw ripheral iflange 1611. The rod and the pin operation of the various instrumentalities of the other units. 7

0am dr'wm. operating mechanism.1 will now explain the mechanism by-which the drum is rotated at varying'speeds from the spur gear 145 on the main shaft, reference being had to Figs. 6,- 9 and 10. Immediintermediate shaft 165" which is provided with aspu'r gear 166 constantly in'mesh with] ately above the shaft 131 there is located an right-hand end, as shown in Fig.6, the said shaft 165 has a, bevel gear 167 intermeshing with a bevel gear 168 on a sleeve 169 loosely mounted upon the front-to-rear shaft .170 .v parallel to the plane of the bedplate. The

shaft 170 is provided withaworm 171 engaging a worm wheel 172 formed on the (See Figs. '5 and '6.) When the sleeve 169 is fast to the drum-driving. shaft 170, the drum is driven at high speed directly from the shaft 165 and hence from themain drive shaft 131. By cam-controlled mechanism, however, the' sleeve 169 and the gear 168 may be unclutched" from the shaft 170 and the latter driven at slow speed through another train of gearing from the work spindle, as'will be subsequently explained; However, at this time there may be described the mechanism for controlling theclutcli by which the bevel gear 168 is clutched to'the shaft 170. By an examination of Figs. 6 and 12 it' will be observed that there is located in close proximity to thedrum, and in the rear thereof, a vertically inclined stud shaft 173 mounted in brackets 1173, 117.4. On said stud shaft is loosely mpunted a two-armed lever .174.

One end of this'lev'er is provided with a pin or pro ection, 175 adapted to be engaged by n a cam 176 on the drum 91; This cam 1s adjustable about .the periphery of the drum.

The other end of the lever 174 is connected I by a rod 177 with a clutch 178 (see Figs. 5

and 6) keyed upon the shaft 170 but slidable thereon. By a spring 179 shown in-dotted lines in F ig.; 6, the clutch 178 is held normally'in position to' clutch the bevel gear togfshaft 170I When the cam l76 en-- s 'e i he. FWQ-i s il v r .744 racks the longer forward so as to move the 'clutch sleeve 17 8 and disengage the fast bevel gear 168 from the shaft 170, whereupon the shaft will be driven at slow speed from the work spindle, as will subsequently be explained.

Work-spindle drive-J will now explain the mechanism by which the work spindle is rotated at different speeds. This mechanism, as previously indicated, is driven primarily from the bevel gear 146 on the main partially in full lines in Fig. 9, the rear end periphery of the cam shaft.

drive shaft. By an examination of Figs. 5, 6 and 7, it will be observed that the said bevel gear 146 is in mesh with and drives a bevel gear 180 on a shaft 181 which extends toward the front but which is inclined to one side, and is therefore out of parallelismlwith the shaft 170. (See Fig. 6.) The front end of the shaft projects through the front wall of the main frame of the units and is equipped with a loose gear 182 which is adapted to be clutched to the shaft by a disk clutch indicated as a whole at 183. This disk clutch is controlled by the sliding clutch sleeve 184 and may be thrown into and out of operative position automatically from the cam drum. To accomplish this the clutch lever 184: is moved in one direction or the other by a yoked lever 185 having a spring-tensioned arm 186. The said lever 185 is connected by a connecting rod 187. shown in dotted lines in Figs. 6 and 7 and .of which is connected with an arm 188' pivoted on the stud shaft 173 previously referred to. This last-mentioned arm or lever 188 has a pin or projection 189 adapted to be engaged by a cam 190 placed upon the (See Figs. 7, 9, 13 and 15.) .During predetermined portions of the rotation of the drum, the arm or lever 188 will be rocked to throw in the clutch 183 and clutch the high-speed gear 182 to the shaft 181. The gear 182 intermeshes with-a change gear 191 upon an intermediate shaft 192 parallel to and above and to one side of that at 181. This shaft isv provided on its rear end with a bevel gear 193 engaging a bevel gear 19 1 on the work spindle. See Figs. 5, 6 and 8.) The gears 182 and 191 are removable so as to be replaced by other gears forgiving the desired ratio of rotation between the shafts 181 and 192 and therefore givingthedesired'high speed of rotation to the work spindle.

.There is another set of gears between the shaft 181 and'the shaft 192 by which the latter will be driven at low speed when the high-speed gears are unclutched. This set comprises the gear 195 fast on the shaft 181,

the shaft 192 travels at high speed even though the gears 195, 196 continue to opcrate, the ratchet permitting the gear 196 to rotate slower than the shaft. When the.

high-speed gearing is thrown out, however,

in consequence of which the work spindle can be rotated rapidly or slowly, according to the work that is being performed by the tool.

I have already stated that the drum is driven at slow speed from the spindle-driv ing mechanism, and I will now explain the connections between the drum and the spindle. On the lower end of the work spindle 59 there is a gear 200 (see Figs. 5 and 8).

which intermeshes with and drives a gear 201 on a short shaft 202 parallel to the work spindle. This last-mentioned shaft is provided with a worm 203 engaging and driving a worm wheel 204 on a front-to-rear shaft 205.

This shaft carries on its end which projects through the front wall of the frame a change gear 206 intermeshing with and driving a change gear 207 on the drumdriving shaft 170. Normally the drum is thus driven at high speed from the main drive shaft 131 by the instrumentalities which I have previously explained. At such times as may be required, for instance when the tool carriers are to be rocked to cross-feed the tools, or are reciprocated' to length-feed the tools, in which case the drum should be rotated at, slow speed, the lever 174 is operated by a cam on the drum to shift the clutch 169 so as to unclutch the bevel gear 168 from the shaft 170 so that the work spindle may drive the drum at slow speed so long as the clutch 178 remains in unclutched position. To permit this, the worm wheel 20 1 is connected to its shaft 205 by a pick-up ratchet clutch mechanism of the kind previously referred to. Thus while the machine is in operation the drum-driving shaft'170'will be driven at all times at high speed from the main drive shaft, except when the clutch 17 8 is moved to an inoperative position by the cam 190 onthe drum, through the medium of the lever 174: and the rod 177, during which time the drum will be driven at slow speed from the work spindle.

I have not. attempted to set forth in detail the particular means by which the, variousshafts are journaled, nor the various brackets upon which some of the operating'parts are mounted, as a description of these details is not necessary for a complete understanding of the machine and its mode of op-' eration. Nor is is necessary to explain the conduits by which oil is supplied for Iubri- 

